The Drama of the Gifted Child The Search for the True Self Free Essay Example, 1250 words

A sense of isolation affects the adult who had a traumatized childhood to develop a defense mechanism. They alienate themselves from some evens and always feel safe in certain groups as was the case of the ‘loyal Slave’ (Miller, 2007 Pg 59). The natural self identification process that child is normally content with is what a traumatized child will lack growing up. a normal child is guided by taboos and parents guidance but for the traumatized child he will be guided by a feel of revenge(Miller, 2007). Question 3 The healing may be difficult patient and commitment is what is needed. But the other suggests that the only help one can get is by overcoming his past fear. Their notion about life has to change a childhood perception replace. The obstacles in life have to be overcome by replacing the patient superego with reality and an attitude to accept others (Miller, 2007 Pg 102). Correcting a patient’s fate may be hard to change but the healing process should involve the victim perception and reasoning towards their recovery be expressed in order to avoid Correcting a patient’s fate may be hard to change but the healing process should involve the victim perception and reasoning towards their recovery be expressed in order to avoid their childhood feelings of depression, emptiness and self- alienated that despises life affecting their parenthood future. The nature of abuse may vary and the effect on the psyche of those affected usually takes a while before they register full recove ry. We will write a custom essay sample on The Drama of the Gifted Child: The Search for the True Self or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The person victimized should create an atmosphere where their children should not feel victimized. The acceptations of the inner sensation are what will be used to evaluate the healing process. Loving and friendly new environments are what will gauge the patients healing process. Miller (2007), states that emotional acceptance is important as it reduces the levels of illusions that prevents the affected parties from healing. Question 4 The childhood atrocities are not reversible as they occur at an earlier age of their lives. They do hunt them to their adulthood and affect their lives. Those involved in their traumatizing events usually form part of their lives. They include their parents and immediate families, the process of self identification occurs later on in life but the past always affects the way the persons involved think and at. Miller (2007) expresses how the parents exposes a child to loneliness and wonders if at all the process will ever be overcome. The continued ignorance by parents usually affects this irreversible trauma an individual is exposed to while still a child.

Media Analysis Essay - 864 Words

Natasha DeBoard CWV-101 June 27, 2013 Daniel Diffey Media Worldview Analysis I have chosen the movie Signs to do my worldview analysis on. First, I will discuss the worldviews that the main characters in the movie have. I will then answer the question of if the characters were true to their worldviews. I will also discuss the obstacles that the main characters faced that deterred the character or characters from living out their worldview. Lastly, I will describe mental, emotional, or spiritual reactions I had to the movie as well as explain if I agree or disagree with the worldview present in the movie. I will start by saying that the main character had a Christian worldview but in the beginning of the movie, due to a tragedy in†¦show more content†¦When his son started having his asthma attack he went back to praying and asked God to please not take his son away to. Graham then got his faith back from this experience with his son. After this experience Graham continues to pray in response to the alien spraying the poison gas in his sons face as well as that the inhaler and shot help him pull through. At the end of the movie it shows that Graham goes back to being a priest and starts living out his Christian worldview again. With that being said, I will now discuss the obstacle in the main character, Graham’s, life that caused him to avoid staying true to his Christian worldview. This obstacle was the loss of his wife. The death of Graham’s wife was not only hard for him because he lost her but because of how traumatic the accident was. This caused Graham to g ive up on his Christian faith and not believe in God at all. After the accident Graham stopped being a priest and stopped praying as well. This is why I know that it was the loss of his wife in particular that caused Graham to stop living out his Christian worldview. Lastly, I will now discuss the emotional, mental, and spiritual reactions I personally had about the movie. I felt very saddened over the loss of Graham’s wife because I could not even begin to know how awful it would be to lose a spouse. I also found it very sad to watch the children deal with the loss of their mother. The moment at the dinnerShow MoreRelatedEssay on Media Analysis5267 Words   |  22 PagesMedia Analysis ‘Media’ is the plural of the word ‘medium’, which often refers to different ways of communicating with other people; if the target is a large number of people, then it is called ‘mass media’. There are many types of media, such as TV, radio, films, newspaper, Internet etc. The main purpose of media is to entertain; however they can also be used to persuade, inform, explain and advice. 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An Example of a Great Classification Essay Free Essays

My iTunes Library and How It Defines Me â€Å"New York is more than a tan that you’ll never lose,† this quote is by Lady Gaga, who is one of my favorite singers. Quotes like these are unique. This quote shares uniqueness with the music I listen to, which defines me and my personality. We will write a custom essay sample on An Example of a Great Classification Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now I consider myself to be a very unusual and colorful character. Anyone who didn’t know me should be able to figure out my personality just from listening to the music I own. This is primarily because I listen to a variety of genres when it comes to music. The genres that dominate my â€Å"Top 25 Most Played† playlist are: pop, alternative, electronic, hip-hop, and jazz. Pop music for me isn’t just a genre, it’s a lifestyle. Pop is basically the soundtrack to my life. Whether it’s a night out on the town with my closest friends, recovering from a bad break-up, or needing some encouragement after a rough day; there’s a pop song to be played. And with my iTunes library, there’s never a shortage in pop music. Roughly 60 percent of the 1500 songs in my music library are all pop. The most popular artists I listen to in this genre are: Miley Cyrus, Britney Spears, Selena Gomez, Demi Lovato, Maroon 5, Lady GaGa and Ke$ha. Each of these artists has a different â€Å"persona† when it comes to pop music. Miley Cyrus is the rebellious teen who just wants to have a good time. Some of her songs feature heavy processed vocals, while in other ballads, she shows off those pipes that made her famous. Britney Spears is the pop queen of my generation. She shouldn’t necessarily be classified as a singer because she’s more of a performer. Britney plays the â€Å"Good Girl Gone Bad† role perfectly and she has let us know this since she sang her most infamous lyric â€Å"I’m not that innocent! † Demi and Selena are the pop princesses next door. They never sing anything too risque. Maroon 5 is more of pop-rock, and their music is for one of those rainy days when I’m sad. Ke$ha and Lady GaGa deserve their own branch of pop music because their songs are so exotic compared to other artists. Ke$ha is all about glitter, drugs, and partying. I’m certain every single one of her songs mentions glitter or alcohol. She also â€Å"wakes up in the morning feelin’ like P-Diddy† according to her hit single â€Å"Tik-Tok. † How a Caucasian female can wake up in the morning feeling like an African American male baffles me. Lady GaGa is probably the most talked about pop artist. She manages to out-weird herself at every award show. GaGa is all about accepting one’s self, and singing about topics one would not normally sing about. Topics such as but not limited to: sex, money, homosexuality, rebelliousness, colorful hair, religion, and alcohol have all made appearances in one of GaGa’s hit singles. These ladies are all unique in their own way and they make up the reasons why I love pop music. Alternative or â€Å"Indie† music is for the hipster inside of me. It’s music that can express feelings or emotions that I can’t quite explain. My all-time favorite alternative artist is Florence and The Machine. Her haunting voice looms over every track she sings and it’s truly mesmerizing. My favorite song by Florence is â€Å"What the Water Gave Me† from her latest album Ceremonials. Another band that I feel like belongs in this genre is Fleetwood Mac. Of course, anyone who is superior to me in age may question what I know about Fleetwood Mac. I consider Rumours one of my favorite albums of all time as well as one of the greatest albums ever. â€Å"I Don’t Wanna Know†, â€Å"Dreams†, â€Å"Go Your Own Way†, and â€Å"Songbird† are the standout tracks on this album. Alternative music takes up about 20 percent of my iTunes library. It’s definitely the genre I listen to when I feel like nothing else quite explains what I’m feeling. Electronic music really serves only one purpose in just about anyone’s life: to give them something to dance to. This particular genre of music is mastered by DJ’s who often remix pop or hip-hop songs to their tastes. My favorite DJ is the Frenchman David Guetta. He often produces music for several pop artists and releases the songs on his own compilation album. Electronic music also has a sub-genre that has gained notable fame as of late, Dub-step. Dub-step features heavy bass and synthesizers that make the listener want to contort their body in the strangest fashion. This genre came from Europe and was popularized by Britney Spears in America with her comeback single â€Å"Hold It Against Me. † Electronic and dub-step are also much more popular in Europe than they are in America. I feel like this adds charm to my strange library of music. A rather small amount of charm I might add. I’m rather finicky when it comes to this genre so I only have a few songs in this category. Hip-hop for many members in the local community is a lifestyle. For me, it’s something to listen to when I feel narcissistic. This genre takes up a smaller portion of my iTunes Library because I don’t agree with it all of the time. Hip-hops all about being better than everyone else; and by better I mean being hotter, richer, or more talented than the competition. Some notable artists in this genre that I like are: Mac Miller, Beyonce, Kelly Rowland, and Nicki Minaj. Mac Miller is a relatively new artist in this genre. His first studio album actually came out a week ago. However, his lyrics amuse me and he always has a rather swell beat. Beyonce and Kelly Rowland are the same type of artist. This should not come as a shock considering they both got their start in they girl group Destiny’s Child. They are both all about over-sexualizing one’s self and dancing around in skimpy outfits. Beyonce has branched away from that with her latest album 4 which has more of a soul vibe to it. Nicki Minaj is probably the Lady GaGa of hip-hop. She’s very strange. She raps amazingly fast and takes on several alter-egos as she performs. One of this alter-egos is â€Å"Roman. † Roman speaks in a very deep voice and yells profane things often. He can be heard on Nicki’s single â€Å"Roman’s Revenge. † Jazz music is literally music for the soul. It’s music that when you listen to it, you can feel the singers despair, ecstasy, or remorse. The genre takes its roots in the diverse city of New Orleans so it’s only fitting that I represent my home state with some jazz. The only artist that dominates my most played list in this genre is Amy Winehouse. She had a rather tragic life. Her career was often overshadowed by her troublesome addictions that she eventually succumbed to and ended up losing her life over. However, Amy’s talent shouldn’t be forgotten. She was a singer with remarkably talent. Whenever I listen to her smash record Back to Black I almost feel as if I’ve entered her world and can feel her sorrows. To me, that’s what jazz music is all about. The diverse range of music I listen to represents the unusual character that I am. Pop music represents the fun side to me; alternative music represents the more intelligent side of me; electronic music represents the inner party animal that dwells within; Hip-hop represents the part of me that doesn’t care about others opinions; while jazz represents that part of me that’s unpredictable. All of these genres reside in my iTunes library and that library paints the picture of me. How to cite An Example of a Great Classification Essay, Essays

International Convention Interpretation Law

Question: Discuss about the International Convention Interpretation Law. Answer: Introduction: In this case, there was an agreement between shipping lines for a timetabled transport of containers across the Atlantic between the Northern Europe and the United States about the restrictions that were formulated which were prohibiting an agreement between ship owners which was fixing the price on transport services and the transport capacity system. The applicants of the case wanted the court to nullify the terms of the contract as it was infringing on the rights to fair competition. They presented their facts basing on article 85 of the EC treaty by then. The applicant wanted the annulment of the commissions decision on (EC) 94-980 which was prohibiting the ship owners from fixing the price on their goods and carriage capacity on the programmer that involved the shipping of the containers across the Atlantic Ocean. For an agreement to be effective between Member States there is a requirement that it should meet the requirement of possible foreseeing of a sufficient degree of probability and should also be in line with the objective factor and the law that it has influence in direct or indirect, influential or perpetual. An agreement between the Member States was likely to affect the trade that was going on between them and the defendants choice to conduct a contract that was not in favor of the applicant lead to the issue as the defendants fact were that they did not meet the thresh hold that are stated in article 85(1) of the treaty which is now article 81(1)EC. Which states that the decisions that are made in a contract for trade between member state is likely to affect all of the member states? The agreement was also likely to cause changes that affected the applicants negatively as they were to lose their market area and business if it was to be implemented. Article 85 (1) of the Treaty which is now article 81(1) EC provides that a provision derogating in an exempting regulation must by their nature be strictly interpreted. This applies to the provision that relates to the maritime transport by virtue as its duration is restricted. The possibility of the applicants being able to fix different prices was that they could make it possible to attract different customers into the shipping lines which would be good for their business and the agreement was prohibiting them from doing so. The applicants were basing their facts pursuant to section 173 of the Treaty which is now Article 230 EC. The court reviewed the issue was whether the defendant were misusing their power. The court held that the commission was not supposed to dictate individuals shipping lines unless the parties agree to it and follow the rule in which in this case the applicants did not. The commission limited themselves by applying article 85(3) of the treaty. The argument of the applicants qualified on the exception that was written under Article 12 of regulation No 4056/86. Conclusion The court held that the provisions of an agreement between the shipping lines of the applicant and the defendant were supposed to inform the customers to whom they had concluded contracts with. Failure to do so infringed the treatys competition rules. The court concluded that the commissions decision requiring the applicants to make their customers have a right to renegotiate their agreement was lacking sufficient reasoning for them to make the applicants to follow the contract and amend it with the new rules. References Competition-Agreements, decision and concerned practices-effect on trade between members of states-criteria (EC Treaty, art, 85(1))(now Art.81(1) EC)) Competition-Maritime transport-Regulation No 4056/86-Block exemption-Scope (Council Regulation No 4056/86, Art,3) Common law Definitions- Interpretation-Definition taken from international convention-interpretation with regard to the convention EC, Treaty art.85 (1) now article 81(1) EC: council regulation No 1017/68 Art 11 EC and No 4056/86, Art 11.Oxford University Press Amazon

Historia de Puerto Rico Essays - , Term Papers

Historia de Puerto Rico La Guerra Hispanoamericana ocurrio en el 1898 entre Espana y Estados Unidos junto a Cuba. Todo empezo porque el gobierno colonial espanol de Cuba estaba abusando y oprimiendo a la gente cubana. Este era un tiempo donde todas las naciones grandes del mundo estaba n construyendo imperios y era un gran temor que si los Estados Unidos no empezaba a tomar colonias se arriesgaria a ser dominado. Antes que se presento la oportunidad de poder dominar a Cuba, lo Estados Unidos buscaban territorios ultramares, en el Caribe y Pacifico para expandir su poder militar. Asi mismo buscaban por los recursos extranjeros. Ellos querian, como Espana, tener relaciones economicas y poder beneficiar del cultivo de Cuba. Fue una combinacion de idealismo, preocupacion e interes propio lo que los llevo a esta guerra. Teodoro Roosevelt fue el secretario asistente de la Armada de Estados Unidos del Presidente William McKinley. E l convencio al presidente mandar un buque de guerra a Cuba para pr oteger ciudadanos americanos en la costa de Cuba . Misteriosamente, el 15 de febrero del 1898 el USS Maine explot o , matando 267 militares. Aunque no supieron quien lo caus o , la protesta publica le hizo imposible a McKinley no declarar guerra contra Espana e l 25 de abril del 1898. Roosevelt renuncio su puesto y organiz o un ejercito voluntario o caballeria llamada "Rough Riders." En el 12 de agosto , la guerra termin o , el tratado de Paris fue firmado y Espana entreg o a Cuba y cedio a Guam , Puerto Rico y Filipinas a los Estados Unidos. Antes de la guerra, Estados Unidos hizo una oferta a Espana por la adquisicion de Cuba y la reina de Espana, Maria Cristina de Habsburgo, declin o . Estados Unidos empez o a empeorar en relacion a poder de territorios y fuerzas militares, gracias a la Guerra de Secesion hace unos anos. Estados Unidos enfrentaba escasez de recursos extranjeros por lo cual querian tomar control de Cuba. En la Conferencia de Berlin de 1884 las potencias europeas decidieron repartirse sus areas de expansion en el continente africano, con el fin de no llegar a la guerra entre ellas. A comienzos del siglo 18 en Espana la interrupcion del comercio con America, la disminucion de crecimiento de la poblacion y la disminucion de la produccion agricola, a causas de la guerra, frenan el crecimiento economico de Espana. No obstante, la economia espanola experimento un crecimiento indudable, pero sin alcanzar los niveles de desarrollo de los paises europeos mas avanzados. Para lue go enfrentarse a otra guerra con Estados Unidos y Cuba. Los efectos de la Guerra Hispanoamericana son; Estados Unidos se convierte en una nacion sumamente poderosa economicamente y en relacion a cultivos, bien beneficiada; Cuba pasa de ser colonia de Espana a colonia de Estados Unidos y luego recibe independencia; Puerto Rico se queda una colonia de Estados Unidos; Teodoro Roosevelt se convierte en un hombre respetado por el pueblo y en un futuro es president e de los Estados Unidos; La derrota de Espana hizo que la atencion de la nacion se alejara de sus aventuras coloniales en el extranjero y de sus necesidades internas, un proceso que lo llevo a un gran renacimiento cultural y literario tan necesario desarrollo economico en Espana. El Tratado de Paris fue un convenio firmado en Paris, la capital de Francia, el 10 de diciembre del 1898. Mediante este tratado, Espana renuncio a sus derechos de soberania y propiedad sobre Cuba, la que quedaria bajo la dominacion de Estados Unidos, cedio: la isla de Puerto Rico, las Indias Occidentales, y la Isla de Guam en el Archipielago de las Marianas, ademas, vendio las Filipinas por 20 millones de dolares. Las comisiones que representaron a ambos gobiernos durante el convenio estuvieron presididas por William R. Day y Eugenio Montero Rios. El USS Maine fue un buque de guerra mandado por Estados Unidos a Cuba para proteger durante la Guerra Hispanoamericana. Fue explotado misteriosamente el 15 de febrero del 1898 en el puerto de Havana y fue una de las causas de la guerra. Aun no se sabe que fue lo que causo esta explosi o n, matando

Personality theories;Type and Trait essays

Personality theories;Type and Trait essays Before describing the major modern trait and type theories of personality the following key terms must be defined; trait, type and personality. A personality trait represents a continuous dimension and can be defined as a broad, stable and enduring characteristic which is used to explain behaviour (Phares Pervin The major modern trait and type theories of Gordon Allport, Raymond Cattell, Hans Eysenck and the Big Five vary in their approach and methods in their attempts to understand personality, yet all share the belief that personality can be understood and individual's behaviour could be explained and described by the use of types and traits. The trait and type personality psychologists used three methods in identifying important traits and types; the lexical approach, meaning the more important a word is the more often it will appear in language, the theoretical approach which focuses on the most significant dispositions and the statistical approach where extensive data is mathamatically analysed {Liebert and Spiegler, 1990) to support their theories outlined in this essay. Allport is considered to be the founder of the modern type and trait school. Allport with Odbert, became the first researchers to conducted a lexical study of personality descriptors {cited in Ewen, 1940} and develop a system to classify traits. From the results of this study, Allport developed a theory which divided traits into three groups with varying degrees of influence; cardinal traits, central traits and secondary dispositions, which make up an individuals personali...

Cost Scenario Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cost Scenario - Case Study Example Balance 30,000 may be outsourced to the OEM at US$14. Here again, the variable cost has to be reduced to US$5. Lisa Morgan will forfeit the larger part of her bonus, but she will receive some bonus for running the factory at capacity. ClearHear appears to be losing out due to underutilization of capacity. ClearHear must work on costing based on volumes so that they have clear prices to offer on voluminous orders like the present order. There is maximum risk potential when the order is outsourced. The OEM has good track record on delivery and has won several quality awards for its manufacturing processes. However, once the order is outsourced to this OEM, the risk potential exists until the goods are delivered. Internally too, there is risk potential due to decrease in the amount of variable cost. Nevertheless, due to the volume of the order, there is the possibility of reducing the variable cost without compromising quality. In my opinion, Option 2 is the best alternative solution. This is the only option for ClearHear to get the job done through a reliable OEM at a cost it cannot manufacture the cell phones. The problem of acting against the company's statement of values exists in this option. ... It would be better if the variable cost can be reduced further to US$4. In option 2, the order is outsourced to an OEM. The OEM is reliable and has its own manufacturing facilities. The OEM is as good as ClearHear, or even better, where production is concerned. Risk Analysis There is maximum risk potential when the order is outsourced. The OEM has good track record on delivery and has won several quality awards for its manufacturing processes. However, once the order is outsourced to this OEM, the risk potential exists until the goods are delivered. Internally too, there is risk potential due to decrease in the amount of variable cost. Nevertheless, due to the volume of the order, there is the possibility of reducing the variable cost without compromising quality. Risk factor can happen through any unforeseen event, acts of God, contingencies, etc. Recommendation of the best alternative solution In my opinion, Option 2 is the best alternative solution. This is the only option for ClearHear to get the job done through a reliable OEM at a cost it cannot manufacture the cell phones. The problem of acting against the company's statement of values exists in this option. However, this has to be balanced against cutting down on variable costs and increasing risk of encountering loss in the event the variable cost cannot be brought down to US$5 (Opportunity Cost). Outsourcing is valuable and valid and this option must be exercised when other options fail to satisfy the business needs. The business exists to make profits. It does not make sense to reject the order due to inability to hold on to company's statement of values. It is possible to keep the employees working by securing orders where the prices do not have to be slashed (Cost Concepts). Conclusion There is

Learning Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Learning Review - Essay Example reflection started from the skills and knowledge I possessed at the time of joining the module so that I get a better chance of understanding what further I gained from the course. Admittedly, I had a number of skills and knowledge that would enormously help me in my study. First of all, as I have work experience in managerial roles, I have the chances of applying comparative and ideal methods to identify how my perceptions and practice differ from what is required. Another advantage is the supporting educational background I possess. As I have relevant educational background, further learning becomes easy. The last point is the availability of people around me who would be able to help me with my learning difficulties. As Cottrell (2008:5) points out, I spent some time looking into my own learning style before I began this degree course. From there, I gained the insight that the learning style I had adopted previously was rather ineffective. Admittedly, I was a visual/kinaesthetic learner (Cottrell 2008:5) and my learning style can be accurately termed ‘dreamer’ (Cottrell 2008:59). Admittedly, visual learners prefer to learn things through seeing them. For such learners, information absorption becomes easier when there is effective utilisation of pictures, graphs and maps. As I looked into my own learning nature, I found that adopting maps, outlines and diagrams would help me overcome the learning difficulties I face. In addition, I found that by being able to watch the lecture closely or by ensuring eye contact with the speaker, I could improve my learning abilities. In order to utilise the finding in my learning process, I started note taking during class. The notes were not simple writings, but were charts and diagrams when possible, and I tried to keep them colorful and visually attractive. In addition, I started using a pencil to take notes while in class, and the use of pencil allowed me to make corrections when necessary. Admittedly, this process

Press release event Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Press release event - Essay Example Buses will leave for Bradford Woods from the School of Public Health – Bloomington building, on Oct 15th @ 8am. Culture of Care emphasizes the Bystander Intervention Mechanism to help students demonstrate care for one another. The program encourages them to adopt an active approach for the delivery of care to other members of the society, as this is essential to overcome the obstacles that arise due to the more prevalent Bystander Effect. Many of us are well-aware of the reluctance that is demonstrated by our people regarding performance of social duties. Considering every social responsibility to be the duty of others is the primary reason behind the Bystander Effect; a phenomenon that is detrimental to our society as a whole. This encouragement program targets Hoosiers to rise to the occasion and have the courage to care, by learning about overcoming the Bystander Effect. Goal of the retreat is to answer questions pertaining to what, why and how this initiative is important. The topics pertaining to social and psychological well-being are of the highest priority and will be addressed accordingly. The aim is to bring about a positive change in the behaviors of the members of the society by educating them in a way that is informal yet contributory towards the learning of the society as a whole. Being the first-ever retreat hosted by this initiative, the event will inspire fresh ideas brought forward by students to make the campus a safer place for all. Revolving around the notion of Bystander Effect, the activity will seek to find answer to questions

Recognising Children at Risk (Child Protection) | Case Study

Recognising Children at Risk (Child Protection) | Case Study A given scenario on Recognising Children at Risk (Child Protection). The essay should be based on a given scenario, which has been divided into three sections with question prompts at the end of each section which should assist the essays focus. Section One Stephen and Eileen have been together for seven years and have two children aged five and eleven months. Eileen also has a daughter aged ten from a previous relationship. The family seemed to function quite well until Stephen lost his job a year ago. He has been unable to find other employment and has been drinking heavily, this means that the family have financial worries and this impacts on family relationships. Eileen has recently found a part-time job and leaves the baby with Stephen. In light of his drinking problems, his being left in sole charge of a very young child would, in itself, be an area for concern. The neighbour’s concern was justified with regard to children she was used to seeing on a regular basis. Both the teacher and the school nurse have concerns with regard to the children’s wellbeing. The rows and screaming that the woman overheard tend to suggest that there is violence in the home and it is well documented that this has a deleterious effect on children and their behaviour. The police referred the neighbour’s concerns over the Drake/Harris family and it thus warrants an initial assessment, which should take place within seven days of the original referral. An initial assessment would involve the social worker visiting the family home and seeking permission to speak with staff at the school, the Health Visitor , and the family’s G.P. as well as the family themselves. This might also involve a request for the children to be examined by the family doctor and a report made for Social Services. There would need to be some kind of assessment as to the extent of violence in the family and how that is affecting the family’s wellbeing. It is often a good idea to see how the children respond to questions regarding what has been happening at home recently. At the same time the Social Worker might want to establish that the family are receiving all the benefits they are entitled to while the man is unemployed. I think it would also be appropria te that if the mother is to continue working then alternative arrangements need to be made for the baby’s care while she is at work. Once these initial elements are addressed then a multi-agency case conference needs to be convened in order to assess what might be the best way forward for the whole family. This would usually consist of the Social Worker his/her immediate superior, someone from the child protection scheme, the police (as the referral was made by them) teacher, health visitor and the parents. Eileen denies that her partner inflicted the bruising noted on her arms and legs and insists that she fell down the stairs. This is a common response by women subjected to domestic violence. The father has a problem with alcohol and is also known to indulge in violent outbursts and this raises serious concerns as to whether he is a suitable person to be left in charge of an eleven month old baby. Clearly the family is in need of further support under the terms of the 1989 Act and a full multi-agency assessment of those needs is required. Stephen sees this as interfering and insists that his only problems are lack of work and money. Eileen is more compliant and agrees to visit the GP with the children. Although the GP has few concerns with regard to the children’s wellbeing other than the fact that they have lost some weight and the baby is not gaining weight at the rate expected, there are some concerns that Eileen might be suffering from depression. Staff at the school report that there are some concerns over the children’s behaviour which has altered considerably over the past few months. Jack in particular has been displaying behaviour that is normally associated with a two or three year old, doing anything to attract attention. This was also noted at the initial assessment when Jack was jumping all over the place. His reception class teacher also reported that she had noticed a lack of concentration in class. Cathy and Jack were clearly unhappy with the situation at home and with any attempt to question them about what was happening. It might be that they were simply trying to protect their parent’s privacy but Cathy’s reluctance to talk about the b ruises she received and what has been going on raises concerns as to whether Stephen’s violence is restricted to their mother or whether it extends to the children. It is also of concern that a previously lively ten year old should now be withdrawn. This kind of withdrawal is a common occurrence among children who witness violence in the home and those who have worked with children witnessing domestic violence (Abbott Wallace, 1997). Section Two A week after the initial visit the Health Visitor has reported that she has some concerns over the baby’s health and is also concerned for Eileen who has just discovered that she is pregnant with a fourth child and has bruising to her face. Eileen has admitted to the Health Visitor that Stephen hit her during a row over money she agrees to again visit the GP with Lucy. The doctor did not examine Eileen but noted that the baby Lucy had some bruising on her arm which her mother said had been caused by her brother Jack throwing a toy. This is new information and actually requires a further assessment of the family’s needs. Agencies, both statutory and non-statutory, have a duty with respect to safeguarding children. This was highlighted in research evidence (1995) and further documented in the Department of Health 1999 Report Working together to safeguard children. Guidance has tended to be clearer and more prà ©cised in accordance with Lord Laming’s recommendation s over the Victoria Climbie enquiry (Laming, 2003). A whole series of measures have since been put in place to target families such as the Drake/Harris’s. The Joint Chief Inspector’s Report, Safeguarding children (2002) defines safeguarding children and their families in the following way: All agencies working with children, young people and their families take all reasonable measures to ensure that the risks of harm to children’s welfare are minimized, and where there are concerns about children and young people’s welfare, all agencies take all appropriate action to address those concerns, working to agreed local policies and procedures in full partnership with other local agencies. Under section 17 of the 1989 Children’s Act the authority has a duty to treat the Drake/Harris children as children in need. This means that the family will need some service provision in order to ease the immediate strain and to give better prospects for the children’s emotional, physical and social development. Eileen has admitted to having suffered violence at the hands of her partner and is now concerned because she is pregnant with another child. The Health Visitor suggests a termination but as yet it is not clear whether Eileen is going to take this route. While there is no immediate reason to suspect that Lucy is being ill treated there is some concern that she is left in the care of her father for two afternoons a week while her mother is working. It is recommended that alternative care be found for Lucy. Under Section 18 (1) of the 1989 Act it may be possible to arrange nursery care for those afternoons.[1] At the present time there are a number of concerns associated with this family. The concern for Lucy has already been expressed and although it is not clear that either her or the other two children have suffered violence they are certainly affected by the situation. In view of this, and the husband’s resistance to outsider involvement it may be necessary to apply to the Courts for a Child Assessment Order. It seems fairly clear that the family does need some support during this crisis and that without such support the children will be at risk of harm due to a number of factors.The family circumstances i.e. unemployed father and significant financial problems, indicate that the children’s development (even without domestic violence) is liable to suffer. Sidebotham, et al’s (2002) study of parents and children and children on the At Risk Register, found that in homes where there was unemployment and financial deprivation children ran a greater risk of being abused . The researchers found a clear link between social and economic deprivation and the risk of abuse. The Health Visitor phones the next week and explains that Eileen came into the surgery that morning in a terrible state as she thinks she is pregnant again. The health visitor noticed that baby Lucy appeared unwell again, with a bad cold and problems breathing and that there was bruising on the left side of Eileen’s face and over her right shoulder. When the HV asked her about the bruising, Eileen admitted that Stephen had hit her during a row the night before. She claimed that Stephen had been full of remorse and promised to make amends and did not want the HV to tell anyone else about it. Eileen was still worried about how he would take the news that she is pregnant again. The Health Visitor had advised Eileen about the possibilities of a termination of the pregnancy and suggested that she make an appointment to discuss this with the GP and to check her injuries and Lucy’s chest and breathing, which seemed poor. On checking with the GP after surgery this morning the H V has discovered that he only examined Lucy and gave a prescription for medication for her cold and severe nappy rash. Eileen’s own injuries and her possible pregnancy were not discussed. The Doctor however did also notice bruising on the baby, which the mother told him had been caused by Jack, her brother, throwing a toy. The second assessment was decided over the telephone by several representatives. The family receive another visit and this time the social worker is joined by the Child Protection Officer injuries to Lucy are again questioned. Steven admitted to striking Eileen while she was holding the baby and the team decided that the injuries to Lucy were non-accidental. Concern was also expressed over her significant weight loss. Section Three Gardner (2002) in a study undertaken for the NSPCC found that support services could be of significant help under these circumstances and that 58% of children considered to be at risk, and had access to support services, showed significant improvement in their development after these measures were put in place. In 2001 the Government commissioned the Children in Need Census[2] which attempted to establish why children accessed children in need services, what type of provision they accessed and the costs associated with that provision. The Drake/Harris children are further at risk due to Stephen’s alcohol abuse. Harwin and Forester (2002) found that in cases where the parents misused drugs or alcohol, the children often came to the attention of Social Services as a result of concern for their safety and well being. Over 290 cases across four London Boroughs, showed that a third of those requiring long term intervention had parents with some form of substance misuse. This caused concern in a number of areas, particularly where there were children under the age of six. In the present case two of the children, Jack aged 5 and Lucy aged 11 months should be assessed as potentially being at considerable risk. It would seem that there is sufficient concern that a core assessment might be suggested at the inter-agency case conference as there is some evidence to suggest that a deeper and more comprehensive evaluation of both the family circumstances and their needs should be carried out. It is not clear how Cathy’s injuries were received and perhaps a Child Protection Plan might be considered at the Child Protection conference. The most immediate threat, the father, has agreed to leave the house for a week. This negates the need for a care order to remove the children to a place of safety. He should receive some advice and support on how to handle his drinking. It might also be appropriate to suggest anger management. However, the father is expected to return and there is therefore a need to place all three children on the child protection register. It would seem appropriate for both Jack and Cathy to be placed on the register under two categories, emotional abuse (due to domestic violence) and physical abuse, although in Jack’s case there is no evidence and in Cathy’s case the evidence as to how she received the injuries is unclear this is still a cause for concern. Lucy is the child that raises the most concern and it would seem appropriate that she be registered under three categories, emotional abuse, physical abuse and neglect. This last is due to her significant weight loss, coupled with nappy rash which should have been seen by a doctor before the referral. Sometimes when domestic violence is an issue children become neglected because the mother is so engrossed with dealing with the violence and her own feelings that she does not always take sufficient notice of what is happening to her children (Dobash and Dobash, 1992). It might also be helpful if the family were assigned a regular family support worker who could keep an eye on the children’s development and lend support with baby until the mother was feeling better. She also needs to be given information regarding refuges and domestic violence issues in case the husband returns and is again violent. All of the above could be problematic, many families are frightened when they hear about the child protection register and think that children remain on it. The mother would need to be reassured that when a suitable time has elapsed and the team are convinced the children are no longer at risk then they can be de-registered. Whether the father will agree to alcohol counseling and anger management is not known at this moment and if he refuses this could become quite problematic. It is for this reason that it seems appropriate to give the mother advice over what she can do to avoid the same scenario. The parenting support might also be objected but, if necessary, this can be enforced by a court order. The school would need to be informed as to the progress of the family. The Health Visitor should continue visiting regularly and report any problem areas to the GP and to the social worker. If the father is compliant and either stays out of the family home or obtains the help outlined above then there should be no need for further police involvement or for a care order to be requested. I can see no areas where there might be conflict between the various agencies with regard to this protection plan. Bibliography Abbott and Wallace (1997) An Introduction to Sociology, Feminist Perspectives Routledge, London. Department of Health (1999) Working Together to Safeguard Children: A guide to inter-agency working to safeguard and promote the welfare of children HMSO. Department of Health (2000) Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families The Stationary office. Department of Health (2000) Assessing Children in Need and their Families The Stationary Office Dobash, R and Dobash, R (1992) Women, Violence Social Change, Routledge, London New York Gardner, R. 2002 Supporting Families: L Child Protection in the Community Chichester Valley Harwin J. and Forester, D. 2002 Parental Substance Misuse and Child Welfare: A study of social work with families in which parents misuse drugs or alcohol Department of Health Sidebotham, P. et al â€Å"Children at Risk of maltreatment in Children of the Nineties: deprivation, class and social networks in a UK sample† Child Abuse 26 (12) pp 1243-1259 Wilson, K. and James, A. (Eds) (1995) The Child Protection Handbook, Bailliere Tindall. 1 [1] http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1989/Ukpga_19890041_en_6.htm#mdiv43 Crown Copyright [2] http://www.dfes.gov.uk/publications/childrenactreport/docs/DfES-Childrens Act.pdf

Sleep Disorders Essay -- essays research papers

4) SLEEP DISORDERS, SYMPTOMS, KNOWN CAUSES AND TREATMENTS. Sleep is something that every person needs. Without sleep a normal days task seem never ending. Your body suffers and you suffer even people who come in contact with you suffer too. Without sleep you can function normally. Your moods change changing your personality, changing how you perceive the world. The average adult needs eight hours of sound sleep each night. However most adults get between five and six hours, " (Encarta 1998).This one or two hours that is lost each night can have an affect on our health and our lives. "The single element that ties sleep disorders together is that they disrupt in one or more parts of out sleep cycle."(Zimbardo pg.98) The three types of sleep disorders are: insomnia, narcolepsy and sleep apnea. These disorders make a night's sleep sometimes hard and mostly uncomfortable. " Insomnia is a disorder that involves insufficient sleep." (Zimbardo pg. 98) Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. Insomnia occurs on a regular basis." Its symptoms are chronic inability to fall asleep quickly, frequent arousals during sleep or early morning awakenings."(Zimbardo pg.98) Insomnia can be caused by stress or constant worrying, medical problems or mental disorders. The lack of sleep can cause depression and heart disease. In most cases adults suffer from insomnia....